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The Wall Street Journal is an American media organization that publishes consistently anti-trans content, especially on the Opinion page.

Their journalism is considered center to center-right, and the editorial page is considered right-wing/conservative. The opinion section frequently promotes and platforms major anti-trans voices, including Ben Appel, Farr Curlin, Erin Friday, Roy Eappen, Gerald Posner, J. Michael Bailey, Abigail Shrier, Leor Sapir, and Colin Wright.

Contributors

In 2023, the WSJ significantly increased its anti-transgender coverage.

Leor Sapir and Colin Wright wrote a piece attacking academic publisher Springer after it retracted an unethical paper by J. Michael Bailey in 2023. The previous year, Wright had invoked the “tomboy erasure” conspiracy theory that claims gender diverse cisgender children are being forced to transition as a form of anti-LGB conversion therapy.

Abigail Shrier was allowed to complain about “The Transgender War on Women.”

Joe Barrett covered state recognition of trans identity documents. Jathon Sapsford and Stephanie Armour quoted anti-trans activist Leor Sapir, and Republican politicians Dan Crenshaw and Chris Christie, with rebuttal by Democrat Frank Pallone Jr. Stephanie Armour also covered Medicaid coverage of trans health services.

Laura Kusisto and Louise Radnofsky covered sex-segregated competitive sports. Ben Chapman and Laine Higgins also covered this.

Mariah Timms covered anti-trans developments in Missouri under AG Andrew Bailey.

Lindsay Wise, Simon J. Levien, and Isaac Yu covered Republican attempts to control the reproductive freedom and bodily autonomy of others.

Elizabeth Findell, Adolfo Flores and Peter Champelli covered the Texas ban on trans healthcare.

Mariah Timms and Laura Kusisto covered Tennessee’s ban on trans healthcare for minors.

Talal Ansari covered Zooey Zephyr’s removal from the Montana House floor.

The editorial board opined about “Transgender Patients vs. Religious Doctors: The Franciscan Alliance might be the new Little Sisters of the Poor.”

2023 Endocrine Society attacks

After Roy Eappen and Ian Kingsbury of anti-trans group Do No Harm attacked the Endocrine Society, President Stephen R. Hammes responded with an outline of the medical consensus behind the Endocrine Society’s guidelines.

Hammes was then attacked by a group of anti-trans clinicians in a subsequent letter. The signatories are:

FINLAND

UNITED KINGDOM

SWEDEN

  • Angela Sämfjord, M.D. Senior consultant, Sahlgrenska University Hospital
  • Sven Román, M.D. Child and Adolescent Psychiatrist

NORWAY

  • Anne Wæhre, M.D., Ph.D. Senior consultant, Oslo University Hospital

BELGIUM

  • Em. Prof. Patrik Vankrunkelsven, M.D. Ph.D. Katholieke Universiteit Leuven Honorary senator
  • Sophie Dechêne, M.R.C.Psych. Child and adolescent psychiatrist
  • Beryl Koener, M.D., Ph.D. Child and adolescent psychiatrist

FRANCE

  • Prof. Celine Masson, Ph.D. Picardy Jules Verne University Psychologist, Oeuvre de Secours aux Enfants, Co-director, Observatory La Petite Sirène
  • Caroline Eliacheff, M.D. Child and adolescent psychiatrist, Co-director, Observatory La Petite Sirène
  • Em. Prof. Maurice Berger, M.D. Ph.D. Child psychiatrist

SWITZERLAND

  • Daniel Halpérin, M.D. Pediatrician

SOUTH AFRICA

  • Prof. Reitze Rodseth, Ph.D. University of Kwazulu-Natal
  • Janet Giddy, M.B.Ch.B., M.P.H. Family physician and public-health expert
  • Allan Donkin, M.B.Ch.B. Family physician

UNITED STATES

  • Clin. Prof. Stephen B. Levine, M.D. Case Western Reserve University
  • Clin. Prof. William Malone, M.D. Idaho College of Osteopathic Medicine Director, Society for Evidence Based Gender Medicine
  • Prof. Patrick K. Hunter, M.D. Florida State University Pediatrician and bioethicist

Hammes was also criticized by a group of parents that included Kathleen Dooley.

Anti-trans misinformation following Charlie Kirk shooting

In September 2025, during the search for the person who shot anti-trans activist Charlie Kirk, the Wall Street Journal published a live update under the headline “Ammunition in Kirk Shooting Engraved with Transgender, Antifascist Ideology, Sources Say.” The source was a leaked internal ATF bulletin first posted by anti-trans activist Steven Crowder. Crowder pinned the post on X, and it garnered over 29 million views.

After massive pushback about their irresponsible headline and reporting, WSJ edited the headline to read “Early Bulletin Said Ammunition in Kirk Shooting Engraved With Transgender, Antifascist Ideology; Some Sources Urge Caution.”

The term “transgender ideology” is an anti-trans conspiracy theory frequently invoked by right-wing activists. After it was confirmed that the engravings were references to memes used in toxic online communities like the Groyper Army fan base of anti-trans extremist Nick Fuentes, the WSJ added an editor’s note that did not retract the headline or their reporting about “transgender ideology,” writing:

Editor’s Note: An earlier version of this article detailed how an internal law enforcement bulletin said that ammunition recovered following the Charlie Kirk shooting was engraved with expressions of “transgender and anti-fascist ideology.” Justice Department officials later urged caution about the bulletin by the Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms and Explosives, saying it may not accurately reflect the messages on the ammunition, and the article was updated Thursday to reflect that. This editor’s note was appended on Friday, Sept. 12, after Utah Gov. Spencer Cox said the engravings included one that said “Hey fascist!” along with other messages and symbols. He gave no indication that the ammunition included any transgender references.

Other media outlets, including the Daily Beast, the New York Post, The Telegraph, and the Jerusalem Post uncritically repeated WSJ’s claims. None of those articles were immediately updated or retracted in light of accurate information.

References

Reberkenny, Joe (September 13, 2025). Wall Street Journal slammed for false link between trans community and Kirk shooter. The Blade https://www.washingtonblade.com/2025/09/13/wall-street-journal-charlie-kirk-claim-false-link-trans-community/

Prager, Stephen (September 12, 2025). WSJ, Media Outlets Slammed for Spreading Feds’ False Claim That Kirk Shooter Expressed ‘Transgender Ideology.’ Common Dreams https://www.commondreams.org/news/charlie-kirk-2673989947

Reed, Erin (September 12, 2025). Press Conference: No “Transgender” Or “LGBTQ” Symbols Found At Kirk’s Shooting. Erin In The Morning https://www.erininthemorning.com/p/press-conference-no-transgender-or

Bryant, Jacob (September 12, 2025). WSJ Torched for False Report of ‘Trans Ideology’ on Charlie Kirk Shooter’s Bullets, Muted Retraction: ‘So Little Accountability.’ The Wrap https://www.thewrap.com/wsj-trans-ideology-charlie-kirk-bullets-false-report/

Migdon, Brooke (September 12, 2025). HRC demands WSJ retract report linking Kirk shooting to transgender community. The Hill https://thehill.com/homenews/lgbtq/5501615-human-rights-campaign-wsj-retraction-kirk/

Wiggins, Christopher (September 12 2025). Wall Street Journal quietly walks back false claim Charlie Kirk shooter had pro-trans messages on his bullets. The Advocate https://www.advocate.com/news/wall-street-journal-charlie-kirk

Lopatto, Elizabeth (September 12, 2025). The WSJ carelessly spread anti-trans misinformation. The Verge https://www.theverge.com/politics/777630/wsj-trans-misinformation-charlie-kirk

Serano, Julia (May 7, 2024). “Gender Ideology” Is a Conspiracy Theory. Switch Hitter https://juliaserano.substack.com/p/gender-ideology-is-a-conspiracy-theory

Selected anti-trans articles

Appel, Ben (June 30, 2025). Opinion: ‘Transgender’ Kids Usually Grow Up Gay. Wall Street Journal https://www.wsj.com/opinion/transgender-kids-usually-grow-up-gay-c71b3cd8

Freeman, James (June 26, 2025). Opinion: Liberal Professors Who Oppose Sex Changes on Kids. Wall Street Journal

Curlin, Farr (June 23, 2025). Opinion: Transgender Treatments Distort the Purpose of Medicine. Wall Street Journal https://www.wsj.com/opinion/transgender-treatments-distort-the-purpose-of-medicine-ccd6e513

Editorial Board (June 18, 2025). Good Supreme Court Sense on Trans Hormones. Wall Street Journal https://www.wsj.com/opinion/supreme-court-skrmetti-tennessee-transgender-hormone-treatments-e84d97f0

Steinmann, Jessica Hart; O’Neill, Leigh Ann (June 5, 2025). Opinon: Transgenderism Won’t Let Girls Say No. Wall Street Journal https://www.wsj.com/opinion/transgenderism-wont-let-girls-say-no-oregon-track-competition-bc03e205

Eappen, Roy (May 12, 2025). Letters: Trump Tells the Truth About ‘Trans’ Children. Wall Street Journal https://www.wsj.com/opinion/trump-tells-the-truth-about-trans-children-hhs-report-c0841b6c

O’Toole, Tim (April 29, 2025). Letters: A Way Out of Colorado’s Transgender Tyranny. Wall Street Journal https://www.wsj.com/opinion/a-way-out-of-colorados-transgender-tyranny-elections-center-a4906af5

Friday, Erin; Lee, Erin (April 17, 2025). Opinion: Colorado’s Totalitarian Transgenderism Bill. Wall Street Journal https://www.wsj.com/opinion/colorados-totalitarian-transgenderism-bill-parental-rights-freedom-e841acd2

Editorial Board (February 28, 2025). Maine’s Transgender Madness. Wall Street Journal https://www.wsj.com/opinion/maines-transgender-madness-8dabbfbe

Wright, Colin; Shapiro, Ilya (February 3, 2025). Opinion: Trump Can Ban Transgender Birth Certificates. Wall Street Journal https://www.wsj.com/opinion/trump-can-ban-transgender-birth-certificates-policy-protect-womens-spaces-d726a9fe

Editorial Board (December 13, 2024). The Trans Double-Mastectomy Lawsuit. Wall Street Journal https://www.wsj.com/opinion/clementine-breen-lawsuit-transgender-medicine-center-for-transyouth-health-us-v-skrmetti-e22382f3

Editorial Board (December 3, 2024). Transgender Minors at the Supreme Court. Wall Street Journal https://www.wsj.com/opinion/u-s-v-skrmetti-tennessee-law-transgender-minors-hormones-treatment-9be82071

Steve Marshall (December 2, 2024). Opinion: WPATH, ‘Transgender Healthcare’ and the Supreme Court. Wall Street Journal

Readers (July 26, 2023). Letters: Parents Need Answers on Pediatric Gender Medicine. Wall Street Journal https://www.wsj.com/articles/parents-trans-gender-diverse-kids-medical-care-endocrine-1287c55

Swaim, Barton (November 14, 2024). Opinion: Markets Foiled Transgender Ideology. Wall Street Journal https://www.wsj.com/opinion/markets-foiled-trans-ideology-dei-rollback-target-budlight-social-conservatism-b8d470e4

Editorial Board (October 13, 2024). Transgender Sports Is a 2024 Sleeper Issue. Wall Street Journal https://www.wsj.com/opinion/transgender-sports-is-a-2024-sleeper-issue-ads-ohio-wisconsin-montana-2a8d044b

Wright, Colin (August 7, 2024). Opinion: Does Imane Khelif Belong in the Women’s Ring? Wall Street Journal https://www.wsj.com/opinion/does-imane-khelif-belong-in-the-womens-ring-olympics-boxing-transgender-ideology-b227f2cd

Morrell, Travis J. (July 26, 2024). Opinion: Ideology in Medical Schools Threatens Everyone’s Health. Wall Street Journal https://www.wsj.com/opinion/ideology-in-medical-schools-threatens-everyones-health-f6887ae3

Conservative signatories (July 14, 2023). Youth Gender Transition Is Pushed Without Evidence. Wall Street Journal https://www.wsj.com/articles/trans-gender-affirming-care-transition-hormone-surgery-evidence-c1961e27

Hammes, Stephen R. (July 4, 2023). Endocrine Society Responds on Gender-Affirming Care It improves the well-being of transgender and gender-diverse people. Wall Street Journal https://www.wsj.com/amp/articles/trans-gender-affirming-care-endocrine-society-evidence-fdb8562c

Sapsford, Jathon; Armour, Stephanie (June 19, 2023). U.S. Becomes Transgender-Care Outlier as More in Europe Urge Caution. Wall Street Journal https://www.wsj.com/amp/articles/u-s-becomes-transgender-care-outlier-as-more-in-europe-urge-caution-6c70b5e0

Sapir, Leor; Wright, Colin (June 9, 2023). Opinion: Medical Journal’s False Consensus on ‘Gender-Affirming Care.’ Wall Street Journal https://www.wsj.com/opinion/medical-journals-false-consensus-on-gender-affirming-care-sex-change-procedure-transgender-f10cd52b

Eappen, Roy; Kingsbury, Ian (June 28, 2023). The Endocrine Society’s Dangerous Transgender Politicization. Members we spoke with take exception to the group’s guidelines on ‘gender-affirming care.’ Wall Street Journal https://www.wsj.com/amp/articles/the-endocrine-societys-dangerous-politicization-endocrinologists-gender-affirming-care-arkansas-dac768bd

Resources

The Wall Street Journal (wsj.com)

  • Transgender
  • wsj.com/search?query=transgender&mod=searchresults_viewallresults

X/Twitter (x.com)

YouTube (youtube.com)

Instagram (instagram.com)

Facebook (facebook.com)

LinkedIn (linkedin.com)

The New York Times is an American media organization. With some notable exceptions, their coverage of transgender issues has been neutral to negative. The Science, Opinion, and Books sections have been particularly biased on trans issues.

No transgender journalist has appeared on the New York Times masthead since its founding in 1851. Due to the hostile work environment, no transgender reporters worked there according to a 2023 San Francisco Chronicle report.

Assessments

It is considered a paper of record for the United States, along with The Washington Post.

Ad Fontes Media (adfontesmedia.com)

  • New York Times
  • Reliability: 47.50 out of 64 (32+ is “generally good”)
  • Bias: -4.01 (9.5% left-leaning bias)

NewsGuard (as of January 2020)

  • Approximate score: 100
  • Standards failed: None

Anti-transgender coverage crisis

Decades of anti-transgender coverage culminated in a newsroom revolt in 2023:

According to Times sources, there used to be open Slack channels where staff could discuss any issues they had with coverage, and they freely voiced objections at all-hands meetings with the masthead editors. But now, with the advent of virtual meetings, management doesn’t pick the uncomfortable questions during Q&A.

And, that employee said, there are still no out trans reporters on staff at the paper. 

Ho (2023)

Key people

Current

Former

Contributors

Cisgender

Trans+

References

Wilkins, Riki (2024). Bad Ink: How The New York Times Sold Out Transgender Teens. Riverdale Avenue Books, ISBN 9781626016828

Urquhart, Evan (January 8, 2025). Bias at NYT: Trans Former Employee Speaks Out. Assigned Media https://www.assignedmedia.org/breaking-news/former-editor-nyt-biased-on-trans-hiring

Bolies, Corbin (March 7, 2023). The New York Times’ Trans Coverage Debacle Was Years in the Making. The Daily Beast. https://www.thedailybeast.com/how-the-new-york-times-trans-coverage-debacle-was-years-in-the-making

Ho, Soliel (August 31, 2023). Inside the New York Times’ trans coverage: ‘I wonder if people at the top fully believe in trans people’s humanity.’ San Francisco Chronicle https://www.sfchronicle.com/opinion/article/new-york-times-trans-18214925.php

Resources

New York Times (nytimes.com)

Britannica (britannica.com)

Wikipedia (en.wikipedia.org)

WorldCat (worldcat.org)

The following media outlets have covered sex and gender minorities. See also the list of media monitoring and rating organizations.

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Journalism

  • Legacy media: Print/Audio/Video
  • Investigative
  • Photojournalism
  • Student
  • Community
  • Sports
  • Entertainment
  • Lifestyle
  • Curated
  • Tabloid
  • Blogs
  • Trade

In 2022, New York Times writers Megan Twohey and Christina Jewett co-wrote a scaremongering article on puberty blockers for gender diverse youth that culminated in a 2023 newsroom revolt against Times leadership.

The article promoted and popularized several anti-trans talking points about gender affirming care for minors, including “bone density” and “low quality evidence.”

The piece is part of a strategy by anti-trans hate groups like Genspect to get FUD propaganda (fear, uncertainty, and doubt) about gender affirming care into mainstream media. Focusing on uncommon side effects and unknown risks is a long-used pretense to restrict or ban similar healthcare like contraception and abortion, especially for minors.

Background

The story is about “emerging evidence of potential harm” and the “long-term physical effects and other consequences” of Lupron and other medications that can manage onset of puberty. Any drug carries a risk of side effects, which the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) tracks via adverse event reports. FDA approved Lupron for central precocious puberty in 1993. It has since been used for trans and gender diverse youth experiencing unwanted puberty. Doctors have wide latitude to use approved drugs “off label,” including use to delay puberty for trans and gender diverse youth.

Several years earlier, Jewett began reporting on cisgender people who believe puberty blockers which they took as minors led to short- and long-term adverse side effects. Children whose puberty starts at 5 to 8 years old often face social problems, and those capable of pregnancy are at higher risk of sexual harassment and assault. Doctors work with parents to weigh the risks and benefits before getting informed consent. As with any medical treatment, some people will be harmed more than they were helped.

Headlines used for the story include:

  • They Paused Puberty, but Is There a Cost?
  • Puberty Blockers Can Help Transgender Youth. Is There a Cost?

Below are anti-trans talking points that were promoted and popularized via this article.

Bone density

Puberty involves a release of hormones that affect bone deposition throughout the body. Puberty blockers affect that process, so bone health is monitored in adolescent patients, usually with a baseline measurement before treatment followed by scheduled measurements.

One of the three young people profiled had to stop puberty blockade due to done density issues. While this is a well-known risk and uncommon side effect, it can usually be monitored and managed. Having to stop hormone blockade altogether due to bone density is rare.

Via USPATH/WPATH:

The anecdote provided of an adolescent who began, and then stopped pubertal suppression due to bone density loss lacks important details, including age and pubertal stage at initiation of puberty blockers, length of time on blockers, baseline bone density (“Z-score”), and whether the bone density comparison was made to identified gender or birth-assigned sex. Additional important information not provided includes calcium intake, and vitamin D intake and level, as well as level of physical activity, all of which play a substantial role in maintenance of bone mineral density.

“Low-quality evidence”

Jewett and Twohey also parrot the “low-quality evidence” claim put forth by anti-trans activists, based on a scale devised by Gordon Guyatt. Federal judge Sarah E. Geraghty rejected these claims in a 2023 Georgia case where anti-trans activists Paul Hruz, Michael Laidlaw, and James Cantor testified against Yale University professor of pediatrics Meredithe McNamara:

The undisputed record shows that clinical medical decision-making, including in pediatric or adolescent medicine, often is not guided by evidence that would qualify as “high quality” on the scales used by Defendants’ experts. 30 (Doc. 70-1, McNamara Decl. ¶¶ 23–28; Tr. 74:11–75:1 (McNamara Testimony); Tr. 133:614 (Hruz Testimony).) In fact, the record shows that less than 15 percent of medical treatments are supported by “high-quality evidence,” or in other words that 85 percent of evidence that guides clinical care, across all areas of medicine, would be classified as “low-quality” under the scale used by Defendants’ experts. (Doc. 70-1, McNamara Decl. ¶ 25; Tr. 74:11–75:1.) Defendants do not refute Dr. McNamara’s testimony on this point, and indeed they “concede” that “low-quality” evidence “can be considered.” 31

Geraghty (2023) [emphasis mine]

Geraghty also noted the obvious biases of Hruz, Laidlaw and Cantor:

Defendants’ experts’ insistence on a very high threshold of evidence in the context of claims about hormone therapy’s safety and benefits, and on the other hand their tolerance of a much lower threshold of evidence for claims about its risks, the likelihood of desistance and/or regret, and their notions about the ideological bias of a medical establishment that largely disagrees with them. That is cause for some concern about the weight to be assigned to their views, although the Court does not doubt that those they express are genuinely held.

(“Dr. [Paul] Hruz fended and parried questions and generally testified as a deeply biased advocate, not as an expert sharing relevant evidence-based information and opinions. I do not credit his testimony.”); Eknes-Tucker v. Marshall, 603 F. Supp. 3d 1131, 1142–43 (M.D. Ala. 2022) (explaining that the court gave Dr. James Cantor’s “testimony regarding the treatment of gender dysphoria in minors very little weight”); C. P. by & through Pritchard v. Blue Cross Blue Shield of Illinois, No. 3:20-CV-06145-RJB, 2022 WL 17092846, at *4 (W.D. Wash. Nov. 21, 2022) (noting that it was a “close question” as to whether Dr. Michael Laidlaw was qualified to testify about the medical necessity of gender-affirming care because he has treated only two patients with gender dysphoria and has done no original research on gender identity).

Geraghty (2023)

Mentioned

  • Emma Basques (gender diverse youth), Emma’s doctor, and parents Cherise and Arick
  • Jacy Chavira  (gender diverse youth)
  • [unnamed] (gender diverse youth and parent)
  • Norman Spack, endocrinologist
  • Sundeep Khosla, bone researcher
  • Hilary Cass, pediatrician
  • Catherine Gordon
    • We were surprised to see reference to a subjective statement from Dr. Catherine Gordon, MD regarding “getting behind” on bone density, and we question whether this comment was taken out of context. Dr. Gordon is a long-standing advocate for trans youth care, and in her June 2022 single-author commentary published in Pediatrics, she stated that, “The duration of pubertal suppression with gonadotropin hormone releasing hormone agonists varies, but can extend up to 4 years for younger patients who are not able to provide consent until age 16 for receipt of gender-affirming therapy. Puberty blockers represent an invaluable intervention for these children and adolescents, to reduce anxiety and ‘buy time’ until final decisions can be made about gender assignment.” A subsequent commentary co-authored by Dr. Gordon and published in November 2022 in JAMA Open Access stated, “Concerns about skeletal losses become less significant in an adolescent with active suicidal ideations. Although the significance of the risks may be unclear, there is strong evidence regarding the benefits of GnRHa in transgender youth: it can be a life-changing and lifesaving treatment for a vulnerable population who is at high risk for anxiety, depression, and suicide.”
  • Peggy Cohen-Kettenis, psychologist
  • WPATH
  • Walter Meyer, pediatric endocrinologist and psychiatrist
  • Jenn Burleton
  • American Academy of Pediatrics and the international Endocrine Society, which in 2017 had described the limited research on the effects of the drugs on trans youth as “low-quality.” 
  • more than 50 doctors and academic experts around the world
  • Models: Dutch, US, UK, Sweden, Finland

Supporters

Critics

  • WPATH and USPATH
  • GLAAD
  • Melissa Gira Grant of New Republic
  • Erin Reed of Erin in the Morning
  • Kate Sosin of 19th News
  • Molly Redden of HuffPost
  • Trans author Jennifer Finney Boylan
  • Christina Cauterucci, Jules Gill-Peterson, and Bryan Lowder in Slate
  • Kaiyti Duffy in Teen Vogue
  • Erin Rook in LGBTQ Nation
  • AJ Eckert in Science Based Medicine
  • Trans journalist Dawn Ennis
  • Child psychiatrist Jack Turban

References

WPATH / USPATH (November 22, 2022). USPATH and WPATH Respond to NY Times Article “They Paused Puberty, But Is There a Cost?” published on November 14, 2022. [PDF] https://www.wpath.org/media/cms/Documents/Public%20Policies/2022/USPATHWPATH%20Statement%20re%20Nov%2014%202022%20NYT%20Article%20Nov%2022%202022%20CORRECTION.pdf

GLAAD (February 14, 2023). 180+ journalists, New York Times contributors call out biased coverage of transgender people in joint letter as 100+ organizations and notables echo call, citing pattern of inaccurate, harmful trans coverage in the New York Times https://glaad.org/releases/new-york-times-contributors-call-out-biased-coverage-of-transgender-people-in-joint-letter/

2022 NYT story and links

Twohey, Megan; Jewett, Christina (November 14, 2022). They Paused Puberty, but Is There a Cost? New York Times https://www.nytimes.com/2022/11/14/health/puberty-blockers-transgender.html [archive]

  • The Mental Health of Transgender Youth: Advances in Understanding Maureen D. Connolly, M.D.   • Marcus J. Zervos, M.D. • Charles J. Barone II, M.D. • Christine C. Johnson, Ph.D. • Christine L.M. Joseph, Ph.D. Published:August 18, 2016•DOI:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jadohealth.2016.06.012•
  • Jody L. Herman Senior Scholar of Public Policy Andrew R. Flores Affiliated Scholar Kathryn K. O’Neill Policy Analyst How Many Adults and Youth Identify as Transgender in the United States? June 2022 https://williamsinstitute.law.ucla.edu/publications/trans-adults-united-states/
  • Cass Review Interim report: Independent Review of Gender Identity Services for Children and Young People -https://cass.independent-review.uk/publications/interim-report/
  • Public consultation Interim service specification for specialist gender dysphoria services for children and young people 20 October 2022 -https://www.engage.england.nhs.uk/specialised-commissioning/gender-dysphoria-services/supporting_documents/B1937iiInterimservicespecificationforspecialistgenderdysphoriaservicesforchildrenandyoungpeople22.pdf
  • Emily Bazelon https://www.nytimes.com/2022/06/15/magazine/gender-therapy.html
  • Azeen Ghorayshi https://www.nytimes.com/2022/11/04/health/florida-gender-care-minors-medical-board.html
  • https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6647755/
  • Johanna Olson-Kennedy, MD,corresponding author1 Yee-Ming Chan, MD, PhD,2 Robert Garofalo, MPH, MD,3 Norman Spack, MD,2 Diane Chen, PhD,4 Leslie Clark, PhD,1 Diane Ehrensaft, PhD,5 Marco Hidalgo, PhD,1 Amy Tishelman, PhD,2 and Stephen Rosenthal, MD5 Impact of Early Medical Treatment for Transgender Youth: Protocol for the Longitudinal, Observational Trans Youth Care Study JMIR Res Protoc. 2019 Jul; 8(7): e14434. Monitoring Editor: Gunther Eysenbach; Reviewed by James Lykens and Adrienne Pichon. doi: 10.2196/14434
  • CHAD TERHUNE, ROBIN RESPAUT, and MICHELLE CONLIN (Oct. 6, 2022). Reuters https://www.reuters.com/investigates/special-report/usa-transyouth-care/
  • Dani Blum (July 18, 2022). -https://www.nytimes.com/2022/07/18/well/live/endometriosis-symptoms-treatment.html
  • Putting numbers on the rise in children seeking gender care By ROBIN RESPAUT and CHAD TERHUNE Filed Oct. 6, 2022, Reuters https://www.reuters.com/investigates/special-report/usa-transyouth-data/
  • GORDON, CATHERINE M Skeletal Health and Bone Marrow Composition Among Youth Project Number 5R01HD101421-03 Contact PI/Project Leader .Other PIs Awardee Organization BOSTON CHILDREN’S HOSPITAL https://reporter.nih.gov/search/VccdwST9P0yW2AM-BR598g/project-details/10401768
  • Uppdrag granskning Mission: Investigate: Trans children -https://www.svtplay.se/video/33358590/uppdrag-granskning/mission-investigate-trans-children-avsnitt-1?info=visa
  • Stephen M. Rosenthal, M.D. statement-https://int.nyt.com/data/documenttools/rosenthal-in-alabama-court-case/f616e90a9b4bfe2d/full.pdf
  • Rick Rojas https://www.nytimes.com/2022/05/14/us/alabama-transgender-law.html
  • Consensus Parameter: Research Methodologies to Evaluate Neurodevelopmental Effects of Pubertal Suppression in Transgender Youth Diane Chen, John F. Strang, Victoria D. Kolbuck, Stephen M. Rosenthal, Kim Wallen, Deborah P. Waber, Laurence Steinberg, Cheryl L. Sisk, Judith Ross, Tomas Paus, Sven C. Mueller, Margaret M. McCarthy, Paul E. Micevych, Carol L. Martin, Baudewijntje P.C. Kreukels, Lauren Kenworthy, … See all authors  Published Online:11 Dec 2020https://doi.org/10.1089/trgh.2020.0006
  • Consensus Parameter: Research Methodologies to Evaluate Neurodevelopmental Effects of Pubertal Suppression in Transgender Youth Diane Chen, John F. Strang, Victoria D. Kolbuck, Stephen M. Rosenthal, Kim Wallen, Deborah P. Waber, Laurence Steinberg, Cheryl L. Sisk, Judith Ross, Tomas Paus, Sven C. Mueller, Margaret M. McCarthy, Paul E. Micevych, Carol L. Martin, Baudewijntje P.C. Kreukels, Lauren Kenworthy, Megan M. Herting, Agneta Herlitz, Ira R.J. Hebold Haraldsen, Ronald Dahl, Eveline A. Crone, Gordon J. Chelune, Sarah M. Burke, Sheri A. Berenbaum, Adriene M. Beltz, Julie Bakker, Lise Eliot, Eric Vilain, Gregory L. Wallace, Eric E. Nelson, and Robert Garofalo-https://www.liebertpub.com/doi/10.1089/trgh.2020.0006
  • http://admin.endocrine.org/news-and-advocacy/news-room/2022/longer-treatment-with-puberty-delaying-medication-leads-to-lower-bone-mineral-density -https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9624627/
  • “Bone Mass in Young Adulthood Following Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone Analog Treatment and Cross-Sex Hormone Treatment in Adolescents With Gender Dysphoria,” Klink et. al, Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism, 2015
  • “Effect of Pubertal Suppression and Cross-Sex Hormone Therapy on Bone Turnover Markers and Bone Mineral Apparent Density (BMAD) in Transgender Adolescents,” Vlot et. al, Bone, 2017 
  • “The Effect of GnRH Analogue Treatment on Bone Mineral Density in Young Adolescents With Gender Dysphoria: Findings From a Large National Cohort,” Joseph et. al, Journal of Pediatric Endocrinology and Metabolism, 2019
  • “Physical Changes, Laboratory Parameters and Bone Mineral Density During Testosterone Treatment in Adolescents With Gender Dysphoria,” Stoffers et. al, The Journal of Sexual Medicine, 2019
  • “Bone Development in Transgender Adolescents Treated With GnRH Analogues and Subsequent Gender-Affirming Hormones,” Schagen et. al, Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism, 2020
  • “Short-Term Outcomes of Pubertal Suppression in a Selected Cohort of 12- to 15-Year-Old Young People With Persistent Gender Dysphoria in the U.K.,” Carmichael et. al, PLOS One, 2021
  • “Pubertal Suppression, Bone Mass and Body Composition in Youth With Gender Dysphoria,” Navabi et. al, Pediatrics, 2021

Washington Monthly is an American media organization. Its transgender coverage is generally fair and accurate, although they have featured anti-trans articles by Sally Satel and others.

Background

Washington Monthly is an American political magazine founded in 1969 by Charles Peters, a former aide to Senator Daniel Patrick Moynihan. Washington Monthly focuses on public policy, governance, and institutional performance, with an emphasis on practical outcomes rather than partisan alignment.

The magazine became known for its long-form, analytical reporting and for evaluating how well government agencies, Congress, the media, and other institutions functioned in practice. During the 1970s and 1980s, Washington Monthly gained influence in policy circles for its investigative articles and detailed examinations of bureaucratic effectiveness. Its coverage expanded to include education, economics, and regulatory policy through a lens of accountability and evidence-based reform.

In the 2000s, Washington Monthly increased its online presence while continuing to publish a print edition. Ownership and editorial leadership changed after Peters stepped down in 2001.

Contributors

Contributors who have covered or mentioned trans topics include:

Trans coverage

In 2025, Washington Monthly profiled trans YouTuber Natalie Wynn.

Anti-trans coverage

In 2024, Washington Monthly published a piece by anti-trans activist Sally Satel criticizing the book Gender-Affirming Psychiatric Care published by the American Psychiatric Association.

Selected publications

Kim, Anne; Martin,  Gillen Tener (November 5, 2025). A One-Woman Stand Against Conspiracists. YouTuber Natalie Wynn spent a year immersing herself in the conspiracy theories wrecking our politics. Now, she’s sharing what she’s learned. Washington Monthly https://washingtonmonthly.com/2025/11/05/natalie-wynn-contrapoints-one-woman-stand-against-conspiracists/

Satel, Sally (February 13, 2024). A Textbook Case of Social Justice Medicine Run Amok. Washington Monthly https://washingtonmonthly.com/2024/02/13/gender-affirming-care-a-textbook-case-of-social-justice-run-amok/

Resources

Washington Monthly (washingtonmonthly.com)

Substack (substack.com)

Bluesky (bsky.app)

X/Twitter (x.com)

YouTube (youtube.com)

Facebook (facebook.com)

Instagram (instagram.com)

Threads (threads.com)

LinkedIn (linkedin.com)

Wonkette is an American blog. Their coverage of transgender topics is consistently supportive. Wonkette is known for its satire, irreverent tone, and progressive perspective.

Background

Founded in 2004 by Ana Marie Cox, Wonkette originally focused on Washington, D.C. gossip and insider politics, blending reporting with humor and snark. It was part of Gawker Media.

Over time, it expanded to covering national politics, public policy, culture, and media, with a strong emphasis on liberal and left-leaning viewpoints.

Wonkette shifted from a standalone website to a reader-supported Substack.

Contributors

Full-time staff

  • Rebecca Schoenkopf: Editor, publisher, and primary writer
  • “Doktor Zoom”
  • Evan Hurst
  • Robyn Pennacchia
  • Marcie Jones

Freelancers

  • “Cakes We Like”
  • “Hooper”
  • “Martini Ambassador”
  • “Ziggy Wiggy”
  • Sara Benincasa
  • Dominic Gwinn
  • Gary Legum
  • Erik Loomis
  • Michael Mora

Historic contributors include:

Resources

Substack (substack.com)

Wikipedia (en.wikipedia.org)

InfluenceWatch (influencewatch.org)

  • Wonkette
  • influencewatch.org/organization/wonkette

Instagram (instagram.com)

Threads (threads.com)

X/Twitter (x.com)

The Week is a media organization that publishes weekly summaries of the news and a more frequently updated website. AllSides rates its political bias as “lean left.” Their coverage of trans topics is generally neutral, though they have published pieces critical of transgender activism by Damon Linker.

Background

The Week’s British version began in 1995 and the American version began in 2001. Their editorial approach is rooted in curation: instead of producing all original reporting, its editors gather, filter, and synthesize coverage from hundreds of reputable newspapers, websites, magazines, and other media They present multiple viewpoints, including liberal, conservative, libertarian, and others, on the week’s biggest stories.

References

AllSides: The Week – News https://www.allsides.com/news-source/the-week-bias

Selected coverage

Linker, Damon (October 26, 2021). Why does wokeness drive me crazy? The Week https://theweek.com/feature/1006394/why-does-wokeness-drive-me-mad

Staff report (October 24, 2021). The controversy over trans teens. Should young people with gender dysphoria be prescribed puberty blockers and hormones? The Week https://theweek.com/life/1006253/the-controversy-over-trans-teens

Linker, Damon (July 12, 2019). Liberals’ astonishingly radical shift on gender. The Week https://theweek.com/articles/852090/liberals-astonishingly-radical-shift-gender

Ishwar, Shivani (July 10, 2018). New study reveals health risks associated with transgender women’s hormone therapy. The Week https://theweek.com/speedreads/784076/new-study-reveals-health-risks-associated-transgender-womens-hormone-therapy

Linker, Damon (March 9, 2018) The egregious overreach of transgender activism. The Week https://theweek.com/articles/759763/egregious-overreach-transgender-activism

Resources

The Week (theweek.com)

Wikipedia (en.wikipedia.org)

Facebook (facebook.com)

X/Twitter (x.com)

Instagram (instagram.com)

The Washington Times is a conservative American media organization. Its coverage of transgender topics is consistently negative.

Background

The Washington Times was founded in 1982 by Sun Myung Moon, the leader of the Unification Church. Established to provide an alternative to mainstream U.S. newspapers, particularly The Washington Post, it has focused on national politics, foreign policy, and social issues from a right-leaning perspective. The paper gained influence during the Reagan era.

Over time, The Washington Times faced persistent financial and operational challenges. These led to repeated ownership changes, heavy financial subsidies from church-affiliated organizations, layoffs, and restructuring efforts. The paper has periodically reduced its print footprint and shifted resources toward digital publishing. It is generally viewed as a niche outlet that has survived through institutional support and adaptation rather than sustained commercial success.

Resources

Wikipedia (en.wikipedia.org)

The Washington Times (washingtontimes.com)

YouTube (youtube.com)

Facebook (facebook.com)

LinkedIn (linkedin.com)

Instagram (instagram.com)

X/Twitter (https://x.com/WashTimes)

WorldNetDaily is an American far-right media organization. Its coverage of transgender topics is consistently anti-transgender.

Background

WorldNetDaily (WND) was founded in 1997 by Joseph Farah. It was a pioneering force in online conservative media. In its early years, the site drew significant traffic by publishing hard-right commentary, culture-war stories, and conspiracy-driven narratives, most notably its promotion of the false “birther” claims about President Barack Obama. At its peak in the late 2000s, WND claimed millions of monthly readers and substantial revenue from advertising, book sales, and fundraising.

However, WND’s influence sharply declined as major platforms such as Google and Facebook reduced the visibility of misinformation-heavy outlets. The loss of audience and advertising revenue forced layoffs and a shift toward aggressive fundraising appeals to survive.

Resources

Soouthern Poverty Law Center (splcenter.org)

Wikipedia (en.wikipedia.org)

SourceWatch (sourcewatch.org)

WorldNetDaily (wnd.com)

YouTube (youtube.com)

Facebook (facebook.com)

Instagram (instagram.com)

LinkTree (linktr.ee)

X/Twitter (x.com)

Gettr (gettr.com)

Truth Social (truthsocial.com)

Rumble (rumble.com)

The Gateway Pundit is a far-right American group blog. Their coverage of transgender topics is consistently negative.

Background

The Gateway Pundit was founded in 2004 by Jim Hoft and is based in St. Louis. The Gateway Pundit is widely regarded by media analysts, fact‑checking organizations, and independent observers as unreliable and prone to misinformation. It has published numerous false or misleading stories and conspiracy theories. Hoft’s Twitter account was permanently suspended in 2021 for repeated violations of civic integrity policies, and Google demonetized the site due to violations of its misinformation rules. The publication has also faced multiple defamation lawsuits from individuals it falsely accused in its reporting.

References

Knauth, Dietrich (July 26, 2024). Far-right Gateway Pundit kicked out of bankruptcy, exposing it to lawsuits. Reuters https://www.reuters.com/legal/far-right-gateway-pundit-kicked-out-bankruptcy-exposing-it-lawsuits-2024-07-25/

Koebler, Jason (June 10, 2024). Gateway Pundit Bankruptcy Is a ‘Delay Tactic,’ Election Workers Suing the Company Say. 404 Media https://www.404media.co/gateway-pundit-bankruptcy-is-a-delay-tactic-election-workers-suing-the-company-say/

Zeng, J., & Schäfer, M. S. (2021). Conceptualizing “Dark Platforms”. Covid-19-Related Conspiracy Theories on 8kun and Gab. Digital Journalism, 9(9), 1321–1343. https://doi.org/10.1080/21670811.2021.1938165

Wiggins, B. E. (2020). Boogaloo and Civil War 2: Memetic antagonism in expressions of covert activism. New Media & Society, 23(11), 3179–3205. https://doi.org/10.1177/1461444820945317

Goodyear, M. (2020). Is There No Way to the Truth? Copyright Liability as a Model for Restricting Fake News. SSRN Electronic Journal. https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3647504

Ognyanova, K., Lazer, D., Robertson, R. E., & Wilson, C. (2020). Misinformation in action: Fake news exposure is linked to lower trust in media, higher trust in government when your side is in power. Harvard Kennedy School Misinformation Review. https://doi.org/10.37016/mr-2020-024

Bucy, E. P., & Newhagen, J. E. (2019). Fake News Finds an Audience. In Journalism and Truth in an Age of Social Media (pp. 201–222). Oxford University PressNew York. https://doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190900250.003.0014

Borchers, Callum (January 20, 2017). Blog known for spreading hoaxes says it will have a correspondent in Trump White House. Washington Post https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/the-fix/wp/2017/01/20/blog-known-for-spreading-hoaxes-says-it-will-have-a-correspondent-in-trump-white-house/

Resources

Wikipedia (en.wikipedia.org)

Politifact (politifact.com)

The Gateway Pundit (thegatewaypundit.com)

X/Twitter (x.com)

Facebook (facebook.com)

YouTube (youtube.com)

Instagram (instagram.com)

Truth Social (truthsocial.com)

Gettr (gettr.com)