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Paul Vasey vs. transgender people

Paul L. Vasey is a Canadian evolutionary psychologist who promotes harmful ideas about sex and gender minorities, especially transgender and gender diverse people and those who love us.

Vasey is one of the last of the old-school Canadian sociobiologists allied with fired sexologist Kenneth Zucker and the anti-trans journal Archives of Sexual Behavior. Vasey promotes medicalized disease models of attraction to transgender people, including “gynandromorphophilia” as well as the controversial diagnosis “autogynephilia.”

Vasey has collaborated with other anti-trans activists, including J. Michael Bailey, Ray Blanchard, Marc Breedlove, Alex Byrne, Alice Dreger, Kevin Hsu, Martin Lalumière, Anne Lawrence, James Morandini, Scott Semenyna, Doug VanderLaan, and Eric Vilain. Vasey’s co-authors and associates are part of an activist minority in sexology, most of whom are cisgender and born before 1970. Vasey holds some trans-supportive views, including criticisms of Zucker’s controversial disease “gender identity disorder in children,” but they are all colored by an embrace of unscientific and pseudoscientific terminology created by Vasey’s friends. Science and its operational definitions must be value-neutral in order to produce bias-free scientific results.

Background

Paul L. Vasey was born on January 30, 1966 in Toronto, Ontario, Canada. Vasey earned a bachelor’s degree from University of Alberta in Edmonton in 1989, then earned a master’s degree from Simon Fraser University in 1991. Vasey earned a doctorate from Université de Montréal in 1997. Vasey’s dissertation was on Japanese macaques under advisor Bernard Chapais. Vasey then did postdoctoral work at Université de Montréal, Concordia University (Montréal) and York University.

Vasey was hired as an Assistant Professor in the Department of Psychology at the University of Lethbridge in 2000. While preparing to teach a course on sex and gender, Vasey became interested in Samoan fa’afafine culture. Vasey describes them as “feminine, same-sex attracted males that are recognized as a non-binary gender.” Vasey’s partner is Vaitulia Alatina Ioelu, a self-identified Samoan fa’afafine.

Vasey is a close collaborator with Anne Lawrence. Vasey gave Lawrence a job and is acknowledged in Lawrence’s publications for the International Academy of Sex Research.

Course material (2003–2004)

Below is a course description for Vasey’s Sex & Gender Diversity (Psychology 3850) Spring 2003:

In this course, we will explore issues related to sex and gender diversity. To this end, we will critically examine the binary construction of sex and gender through such topics as intersexuality, gender identity disorder, and “third” sexes and genders in non-Western societies. A central part of this theoretical examination involves discussing the real-world consequences individuals face for deliberately or inadvertently transgress dichotomous sex and gender boundaries. Required Readings: 

  • (1) Kessler, S. (1997). Lessons From the Intersexed. Rutgers University Press: New Brunswick, New Jersey. 
  • (2) Course-pack containing Chapter #1, “Behavior,” from: Burke, P. (1996). Gender Shock: Exploding the Myths of Male and Female.Anchor Books, Doubleday: New York. 
  • (3) Additional short readings drawn mainly from popular magazine will be distributed in class.

Below is a course description for Vasey’s Science & Sexuality (Psychology 4000NA) Spring 2004

In this seminar, we will explore the controversy surrounding the publication of J. Michael Bailey’s book, “The Man Who Would be Queen.”  Bailey’s book deals with the subject of male femininity through such topics as gender identity disorder in childhood, homosexuality, transvestitism, and male-to-female (MtF) transsexualism. Although reaction from the gay community has been largely unremarkable, the book has ignited a storm of protest in the MtF transexual community. In particular, some transsexual women dispute Bailey’s claim (based on the work by Toronto sexologist, Ray Blanchard) that there are two distinct sub-categories of MtF transsexuals: homosexual versus autogynephilic.  

We will familiarize ourselves with the controversy by reading The Man Who Would be Queen and the contents of two websites managed by transsexual women, [Andrea James name removed] & Lynn Conway, who are spearheading the response to Bailey. We will then critically investigate the evidence for each point of view. We will begin by examining the claim that two specific types of MtF transsexuals exist primarily by reading scientific articles written by Ray Blanchard and Anne Lawrence.  Anne Lawrence, a Seattle-based doctor who specializes in sexual medicine, is a self-identified autogynephilic transsexual woman and a supporter of Blanchard’s work.  We will then read “ True Selves: Understanding Transsexualism ” by Mildred L. Brown & Chloe Ann Rounsley and “ Mom, I Need to Be a Girl ,” by Just Evelyn, which [Andrea James name removed], Lynn Conway and several transsexual advocacy groups highly recommend as a more accurate depiction of the MtF transsexual experience and an alternative to the Bailey/Blanchard model. Through the semester we will weigh the evidence for, and against, Blanchard’s dichotomous conceptualization of transsexuality. In addition to the readings, documentary films on homosexuality, cross-dressing and transsexualism will be screened during the last hour of some seminar classes. Required Readings :

  • (1) Bailey, J.M. (2003).  The Man Who Would Be Queen: The Science and Psychology of Gender-Bending and Transsexualism . NY: Joseph Henry Press. 
  • (2)  Additional required readings will be placed on reserve in the library.

Website resources :

  • [Andrea James’ name removed] website on the Bailey controversy is: http://www.tsroadmap.com/info/bailey-blanchard-lawrence.html [archive]
  • Lynn Conway’s website on the Bailey controversy ishttp://ai.eecs.umich.edu/people/conway/TS/LynnsReviewOfBaileysBook.html#anchor69193
  • Anne Lawrence’s writings on autogynephila can be found at: http://www.annelawrence.com/sexualityindex.html [archive] see: 
    • (1)  “Men Trapped in Men’s Bodies:” An Introduction to the Concept of Autogynephilia” 
    • (2)  Sexuality and Transsexuality: A New Introduction to Autogynephilia 
    • (3)  Autogynephilia: Frequently-Asked Questions 
    • (4)  28 Narratives About Autogynephila 
    • (5)  31 New Narratives About Autogynephilia
  • Michael Bailey’s responses to his critics can be found at: http://www.psych.nwu.edu/psych/people/faculty/bailey/controversy.html
  • The reading, “Mom, I Need to be a Girl,” can be found at:  http://ai.eecs.umich.edu/people/conways/TS/Evelyn/Evelyn.html [PDF]
  • The reading “Transgendering, Migrating and Love of Oneself as a Woman: A Contribution to a Sociology of Autogynephilia,” by Richard Ekins and Dave King can be found at: www.symposion.com/ijt/ijtvo05no03_01.htm [archive]
  • A reading by Carl Elliot on apotemnophilia can be found at: http://www.theatlantic.com/issues/2000/12/elliott.htm
  • A review by Carl Elliot of the documentary “WHOLE” can be found at: http://slate.msn.com/id/2085402/ [archive]

Puzzles of Sexual Orientation events

In 1995, Lee Ellis began a recurring event now called Puzzles of Sexual Orientation. Vasey has been an organizer since Ellis retied.

In 2025, Vasey published a special section of Archives of Sexual Behavior featuring presentations from the 2023 meeting:

2025 “autogynephilia” meeting

In 2025, Vasey participated in a meeting with other key “autogynephilia” activists:

Vasey coauthors include

References

Lehmiller, Justin (June 18, 2020). The Kinsey Institute Interview Series: A Conversation with Dr. Paul Vasey. Kinsey Institute https://blogs.iu.edu/kinseyinstitute/2020/06/18/the-kinsey-institute-interview-series-a-conversation-with-dr-paul-vasey/ [archive]

Selected publications by Vasey

Heatlie, L.C., Pickle, J., Bjorn, G. Vasey P.L. (2026). Canadian Heterosexual Men’s Viewing Time Response and Subjective Sexual Arousal to Nude Images Depicting Cisgender and Feminine Transgender Adults. Archives of Sexual Behavior https://doi.org/10.1007/s10508-025-03395-w

Sadr-Bazzaz, M., Sadeghi, M. J., & Vasey, P. L. (2025). Childhood separation anxiety in Iranian adult males and females with diverse sexual orientation and gender identity/expression. Clinical Psychologist, 29(3), 341–358. https://doi.org/10.1080/13284207.2025.2462818

Vasey, P.L. Introduction to the Special Section on the Puzzles of Sexual Orientation and Gender Diversity. Archives of Sexual Behavior 54, 2775–2777 (2025). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10508-025-03252-w

Sadr-Bazzaz, M., Talaei, A., Sadeghi, M.J., Moradi, M.,  Ahmadisoleymani, Z. & Vasey, P.L. (2025). Occupational Preferences, Childhood Behavior, and Openness: The Role of Sex, Sexual Orientation, and Gender Identity in Iran. Archives of Sexual Behavior 54, 2877–2891 (2025). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10508-024-02865-x

Heatlie, L.C., Petterson, L.J. & Vasey, P.L. (2025). Heterosexual Men’s Visual Attention to Nude Images Depicting Cisgender Males, Cisgender Females, and Gynandromorphs. Archives of Sexual Behavior 54, 2893–2905. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10508-023-02657-9

Sadr-Bazzaz, M., Vasey, P.L. (2025). Birth Order and Sibling Sex Ratio Predict Same-Sex Sexual Attraction in Iranian Cisgender and Transgender Adult Males and Females. Archives of Sexual Behavior 54, 3111–3126 (2025). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10508-025-03249-5

Sadr-Bazzaz, M., Talaei, A., Sadeghi, M. J., Moradi, M., Ahmadisoleymani, Z., & Vasey, P. L. (2024). Association of Recalled Childhood Sex-Typed Behavior with Sexual Orientation and Gender Identity in Iranian Adult Males and Females. The Journal of Sex Research, 62(6), 1146–1159. https://doi.org/10.1080/00224499.2024.2346926

Vasey, P.L. (2023). Objectivity, Inter-Subjectivity, and Male Femininity Across Cultures. Archives of Sexual Behavior 52, 2285–2286. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10508-023-02605-7

Heatlie, L. C., Petterson, L. J., & Vasey, P. L. (2023). Heterosexual men’s pupillary responses to stimuli depicting cisgender males, cisgender females, and gynandromorphs. Biological Psychology, 178, 108518. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biopsycho.2023.108518

Petterson, L. J., & Vasey, P. L. (2022). Men’s Sexual Interest in Feminine Trans Individuals across Cultures. The Journal of Sex Research, 59(8), 1015–1033. https://doi.org/10.1080/00224499.2021.2013429

Semenyna, S.W., Gómez Jiménez, F.R. & Vasey, P.L. (2022). Intra- and Intersexual Mate Competition in Two Cultures. Human Nature 33, 145–171 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12110-022-09424-0

Gómez Jiménez, F. R., & Vasey, P. L. (2021). Facial Attractiveness of the Sisters of Istmo Zapotec Men and Muxes  : Implications for the Evolution of Male Androphilia. The Journal of Sex Research, 59(3), 354–359. https://doi.org/10.1080/00224499.2021.1943737

Gómez Jiménez, F. R., Court, L., & Vasey, P. L. (2021). Occupational Preferences and Recalled Childhood Sex-Atypical Behavior among Istmo Zapotec Men, Women, and Muxes. Human Nature, 32(4), 729–747. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12110-021-09417-5

Petterson, L.J., Vasey, P.L. (2021). Samoan Men’s Sexual Attraction and Viewing Time Response to Male-to-Feminine Transgender and Cisgender Adults. Archives of Sexual Behavior 50, 873–884 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10508-020-01905-6

Petterson, L.J., Vasey, P.L. (2021). Canadian undergraduate men’s visual attention to cisgender women, cisgender men, and feminine trans individuals. Sci Rep 11, 388 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-020-79870-2

Gómez Jiménez, F. R., Semenyna, S. W., & Vasey, P. L. (2020). The relationship between fraternal birth order and childhood sex‐atypical behavior among the Istmo Zapotec muxes. Developmental Psychobiology, 62(6), 792–803. https://doi.org/10.1002/dev.21987

Gómez Jiménez, F.R., Court, L. & Vasey, P.L. A Retrospective Study of Childhood Sex-Typed Behavior in Istmo Zapotec Men, Women, and Muxes. Archives of Sexual Behavior 49, 467–477 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10508-019-01544-6

Gómez Jiménez, F.R., Semenyna, S.W. & Vasey, P.L. (2020). Offspring Production Among the Relatives of Istmo Zapotec Men and Muxes. Archives of Sexual Behavior 49, 581–594 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10508-019-01611-y

Petterson, L.J., Dixson, B.J., Little, A.C. & Vasey, P.L. (2020). Heterogeneity in the Sexual Orientations of Men Who Have Sex with Fa’afafine in Samoa. Archives of Sexual Behavior 49, 517–529 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10508-020-01646-6

Semenyna, S. W., & Vasey, P. L. (2018). Striving for Prestige in Samoa: A Comparison of Men, Women, and Fa’afafine. Journal of Homosexuality, 66(11), 1535–1545. https://doi.org/10.1080/00918369.2018.1503461

Petterson, L.J., Dixson, B.J., Little, A.C. & Vasey, P.L. (2018). Viewing Time and Self-Report Measures of Sexual Attraction in Samoan Cisgender and Transgender Androphilic Males. Archives of Sexual Behavior 47, 2427–2434 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10508-018-1267-7

Gómez, F. R., Semenyna, S. W., Court, L., & Vasey, P. L. (2018). Familial patterning and prevalence of male androphilia among Istmo Zapotec men and muxes. PLOS ONE, 13(2), e0192683. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0192683

Petterson, L.J., VanderLaan, D.P. & Vasey, P.L. (2017). Sex, Sexual Orientation, Gender Atypicality, and Indicators of Depression and Anxiety in Childhood and Adulthood. Archives of Sexual Behavior 46, 1383–1392 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10508-016-0690-x

Semenyna, S.W., Vasey, P.L. (2017). Bullying, Physical Aggression, Gender-Atypicality, and Sexual Orientation in Samoan Males. Archives of Sexual Behavior 46, 1375–1381 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10508-015-0676-0

Semenyna, S. W., VanderLaan, D. P., & Vasey, P. L. (2017). Birth order and recalled childhood gender nonconformity in Samoan men and fa’afafine. Developmental Psychobiology, 59(3), 338–347. https://doi.org/10.1002/dev.21498

Semenyna, S.W., Petterson, L.J., VanderLaan, D.P. et al. A Comparison of the Reproductive Output Among the Relatives of Samoan Androphilic Fa’afafine and Gynephilic Men. Archives of Sexual Behavior 46, 87–93 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10508-016-0765-8

VanderLaan, D.P., Petterson, L.J. & Vasey, P.L. (2017). Elevated Kin-Directed Altruism Emerges in Childhood and Is Linked to Feminine Gender Expression in Samoan Fa’afafine: A Retrospective Study. Archives of Sexual Behavior 46, 95–108 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10508-016-0884-2

Vasey, P.L. (2017). Introduction to the Special Section: The Puzzle of Sexual Orientation: What Is It and How Does It Work?. Archives of Sexual Behavior 46, 59–61 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10508-016-0913-1

Semenyna, S.W., Petterson, L.J., VanderLaan, D.P. & Vasey, P.L. (2017). A Comparison of the Reproductive Output Among the Relatives of Samoan Androphilic Fa’afafine and Gynephilic Men. Archives of Sexual Behavior 46, 87–93 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10508-016-0765-8

Vasey PL (2017). Paul Vasey. In: Vonk, J., Shackelford, T. (eds) Encyclopedia of Animal Cognition and Behavior. Springer, Cham https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-47829-6_938-1

Semenyna, S.W., Vasey, P.L. (2016). The Relationship between Adult Occupational Preferences and Childhood Gender Nonconformity among Samoan Women, Men, and Fa’afafine . Human Nature 27, 283–295 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12110-016-9258-7

Petterson, L. J., Dixson, B. J., Little, A. C., & Vasey, P. L. (2016). Reconsidering male bisexuality: Sexual activity role and sexual attraction in Samoan men who engage in sexual interactions with Fa’afafine. Psychology of Sexual Orientation and Gender Diversity, 3(1), 11–26. https://doi.org/10.1037/sgd0000160

Bailey, J. M., Vasey, P. L., Diamond, L. M., Breedlove, S. M., Vilain, E., & Epprecht, M. (2016). Sexual Orientation, Controversy, and Science. Psychological Science in the Public Interest, 17(2), 45–101. https://doi.org/10.1177/1529100616637616

Li, F., Rendall, D., Vasey, P. L., Kinsman, M., Ward-Sutherland, A., & Diano, G. (2016). The development of sex/gender-specific /s/ and its relationship to gender identity in children and adolescents. Journal of Phonetics, 57, 59–70. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.wocn.2016.05.004

Supplemental Material for Reconsidering Male Bisexuality: Sexual Activity Role and Sexual Attraction in Samoan Men Who Engage in Sexual Interactions With Fa’afafine. (2016). Psychology of Sexual Orientation and Gender Diversity. https://doi.org/10.1037/sgd0000160.supp

Petterson, L. J., Dixson, B. J., Little, A. C., & Vasey, P. L. (2015). Viewing Time Measures of Sexual Orientation in Samoan Cisgender Men Who Engage in Sexual Interactions with Fa’afafine. PLOS ONE, 10(2), e0116529. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0116529

Court, L. Vasey, P.L. (2015). The Evolutionary History of Role Specialization among Transgender Males Androphiles. Canadian Sex Research Forum https://hdl.handle.net/2268/248056

Vasey, P., VanderLaan, D. (2015). Transgendered Male Androphilia in the Human Ancestral Environment. In: Shackelford, T., Hansen, R. (eds) The Evolution of Sexuality. Evolutionary Psychology. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-09384-0_9

VanderLaan, D.P., Vasey, P.L. (2014). Evidence of Cognitive Biases for Maximizing Indirect Fitness in Samoan Fa’afafine. Archives of Sexual Behavior 43, 1009–1022 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10508-014-0288-0

VanderLaan, D. P., Petterson, L. J., Mallard, R. W., & Vasey, P. L. (2014). (Trans)Gender Role Expectations and Child Care in Samoa. The Journal of Sex Research, 52(6), 710–720. https://doi.org/10.1080/00224499.2014.884210

Vasey, P.L., Abild, M. (2013). Review: A Billion Wicked Thoughts: What the Internet Tells Us About Sexual Relationships. Archives of Sexual Behavior 42, 1101–1103 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10508-013-0170-5

VanderLaan, D.P., Vokey, J.R. & Vasey, P.L. (2013). Is Transgendered Male Androphilia Familial in Non-Western Populations? The Case of a Samoan Village. Archives of Sexual Behavior 42, 361–370 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10508-012-0037-1

VanderLaan, D.P., Forrester, D.L., Petterson, L.J., Vasey, P.L. (2013). The Prevalence of Fa’afafine Relatives Among Samoan Gynephilic Men and Fa’afafine . Arch Sex Behav 42, 353–359 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10508-012-0015-7

Vasey, P.L., Lalumière, M.L. (2012). Introduction to the Special Section “The Puzzle of Sexual Orientation: What Is It and How Does It Work?” Archives of Sexual Behavior 41, 11–12 (2012). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10508-012-9932-8

VanderLaan, D. P., Forrester, D. L., Petterson, L. J., & Vasey, P. L. (2012). Offspring Production among the Extended Relatives of Samoan Men and Fa’afafine. PLoS ONE, 7(4), e36088. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0036088

Vasey, P.L., VanderLaan, D.P., Gothreau, L.M., Bartlett, M.H. (2011). Traits of Separation Anxiety in Childhood: A Retrospective Study of Samoan Men, Women, and Fa’afafine. Archives of Sexual Behavior 40, 511–517 (2011). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10508-009-9589-0

VanderLaan, D.P., Gothreau, L.M., Bartlett, N.H., Vasey, P.L. (2011). Recalled Separation Anxiety and Gender Atypicality in Childhood: A Study of Canadian Heterosexual and Homosexual Men and Women. Archives of Sexual Behavior 40, 1233–1240 (2011). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10508-010-9695-z

Dixson, B.J., Vasey, P.L., Sagata, K., Sibanda, N., Linklater, W.L., Dixson, A.F. (2010). Men’s Preferences for Women’s Breast Morphology in New Zealand, Samoa, and Papua New Guinea. Archives of Sexual Behavior 40, 1271–1279 (2011). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10508-010-9680-6

Vasey, P.L., VanderLaan, D.P. (2010). Avuncular Tendencies and the Evolution of Male Androphilia in Samoan Fa’afafine. Archives of Sexual Behavior 39, 821–830 (2010). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10508-008-9404-3

VanderLaan, D. P., Gothreau, L. M., Bartlett, N. H., & Vasey, P. L. (2010). Separation Anxiety in Feminine Boys: Pathological or Prosocial? Journal of Gay & Lesbian Mental Health, 15(1), 30–45. https://doi.org/10.1080/19359705.2011.530570

Vasey, P. L., & VanderLaan, D. P. (2010). Monetary exchanges with nieces and nephews: a comparison of Samoan men, women, and fa’afafine☆. Evolution and Human Behavior, 31(5), 373–380. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.evolhumbehav.2010.04.001

Vasey, P. L., & VanderLaan, D. P. (2010). An Adaptive Cognitive Dissociation Between Willingness to Help Kin and Nonkin in Samoan Fa’afafine. Psychological Science, 21(2), 292–297. https://doi.org/10.1177/0956797609359623

Vasey, P.L., VanderLaan, D.P. (2009). Materteral and Avuncular Tendencies in Samoa. Human Nature 20, 269–281 (2009). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12110-009-9066-4

Vasey, P.L., VanderLaan, D.P. (2008). Review: The Third Sex—Kathoey: Thailand’s Ladyboys. Archives of Sexual Behavior 37, 671–672 (2008). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10508-008-9368-3

Dreger, A. D., & Vasey, P. L. (2007). Sex, Gender, and Sexuality Diversity: Introduction. Perspectives in Biology and Medicine, 50(4), 479–480. https://doi.org/10.1353/pbm.2007.0045

Vasey, P. L., & Bartlett, N. H. (2007). What Can the Samoan “Fa’afafine” Teach Us about the Western Concept of Gender Identity Disorder in Childhood? Perspectives in Biology and Medicine, 50(4), 481–490. https://doi.org/10.1353/pbm.2007.0056

Bartlett, N.H., Vasey, P.L. (2006). A Retrospective Study of Childhood Gender-Atypical Behavior in Samoan Fa’afafine. Archives of Sexual Behavior 35, 659–666 (2006). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10508-006-9055-1

Bartlett, N. H., Vasey, P. L., & Bukowski, W. M. (2003). Cross-sex wishes and gender identity disorder in children: A reply to Zucker (2002). Sex Roles: A Journal of Research, 49(3-4), 191–192. https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1024421216606

Vasey, P. L., & Rendall, D. (2003). Sexual diversity and change along a continuum of bisexual desire. Archives of Sexual Behavior, 32, 453- 455. https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1025699511081

NH Bartlett, PL Vasey, WM Bukowski (2000). Is gender identity disorder in children a mental disorder? Sex Roles 43, 753–785 (2000). https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1011004431889

Vasey, P. L. “Biological Exuberance: Animal Homosexuality and Natural Diversity. By B. Bagemihl.” ANIMAL BEHAVIOUR-LONDON-BAILLIERE TINDALL- 58 (1999): 223-224.

Media

Transparency with Aaron Kimberly, Aaron Terrell, and Paul Vasey (April 10, 2023). EP63 – Sexology in Samoa – with Dr Paul Vasey. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_hBpRF096t8

Gender: A Wider Lens with Stella O’Malley, Sasha Ayad, and Paul Vasey (March 25, 2022). Episode 68: Pioneers Series: Cultural misunerstandings with Paul L. Vasey. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ni-Ry_XHk1k

Gender: A Wider Lens with Stella O’Malley, Sasha Ayad, and Paul Vasey (January 6, 2022). Episode 57: Pioneers series: male Femininity with Paul L. Vasey. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=tkulTD3ZHfM

ulethbridge with Paul Vasey (January 29, 2018). Beyond the Binary: What the West Can Learn from Non-Western Approaches to Gender Diversity. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hNyy3g2yVfs

WhomYouLove2012 with Paul Vasey (November 16, 2013). No Dodos: What Cross-Cultural Research Tells us About Why Homosexual Males Do Not Become Extinct. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=m939SyfQqow

Resources

University of Lethbridge (uleth.ca)

X/Twitter (x.com)

ResearchGate (researchgate.net)

Google Scholar (scholar.google.com)

  • Paul Vasey
  • scholar.google.com/citations?user=0FfyOeEAAAAJ

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