Skip to content

psychology

Nicola R. Brown is a Canadian psychologist who has worked at Toronto’s CAMH gender clinic. Brown has published resources and consumer information for transgender people, as well as published psychological research, including a book chapter with fired sexologist Kenneth Zucker.

Background

Nicola Ruth Brown was born in 1976. She attended York University, earning a master’ss degree in 2001 and a doctorate in 2006. Brown then completed a postdoctoral fellowship at Harvard University in the Victims of Violence Program. Brown has served as staff psychologist in the Gender Identity Clinic for adults at CAMH. Brown also has a private practice.

According to a profile of Brown on the 2018 CAMH website, “Clinical interests include sexual orientation and gender identity concerns. Research interests include clinical decision-making and best practice models for working with trans people, adaptive processes of the significant others of trans people, and the social determinants of health.”

While working at Central Toronto Youth Service, Brown published the first edition of Families in TRANSition in 2008. This guide provides information and resources for families with a gender-diverse or transgender member.

Collaboration with Ken Zucker

Brown and Zucker published the chapter “Gender Dysphoria” in the 2014 book Principles and Practice of Sex Therapy, edited by Yitzchak M. Binik and Kathryn S.K. Hall. The chapter heavily favors Zucker’s point of view on pathologization and cures of trans youth, devoting only one paragraph in the chapter to affirmative care for children. They claim affirmative care that is the consensus among pediatricians is merely the model “that receives the most media attention, and it certainly dominates Internet discourse.” Zucker was fired from CAMH a year after publication.

References

McIntosh C, Brown NR (2023). Psychotherapy with trans and gender diverse people. In H. Crisp & G.O. Gabbard (Eds.), Textbook of Psychotherapeutic Treatments (2nd ed), pp. 667-680. American Psychiatric Association Publishing. ISBN 9781615373260

Brown NR. (2021). Intimate partner violence. In A. Goldberg & G. Beemyn (Eds.), The SAGE Encyclopedia of Trans Studies. SAGE Publishing. ISBN 9781544393841

Kallivayalil D, Levitan J, Brown NR, Harvey MR (2013). Preliminary findings from a qualitative study of trauma survivors in treatment: Changes in personal narratives. Journal of Aggression, Maltreatment & Trauma, 22 (3), 262-281. https://doi.org/10.1080/10926771.2013.743942 

CAMH (2018). CPA Accredited Clinical Psychology Residency Program 2018-2019 Academic Year. http://www.camh.ca/-/media/files/camh-psychology-residency-brochure-20182019-academic-year—october-18-2017-version-pdf.pdf

Zucker KJ, Brown NR (2014). Gender Dysphoria. In Principles and Practice of Sex Therapy, Fifth Edition. Binik YM, Hall KSK, eds. Guilford Publications. ISBN 9781462513895

Brown NR, Kallivayalil D, Mendehlson M, Harvey MR (2011). Working the double edge: Unbraiding pathology and resiliency in the narratives of early-recovery trauma survivors. Psychological Trauma: Theory, Research, Practice and Policy. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0024969

Brown NR (2011). Holding tensions of victimization and perpetration: Partner abuse in trans communities. In J. Ristock (Ed.), Intimate Partner Violence in LGBTQ Lives. Routledge. ISBN 9780415998796

Brown NR (2010). The sexual relationships of sexual-minority women partnered with trans men: A qualitative study. Archives of Sexual Behavior, 39, 561- 572. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10508-009-9511-9

Brown NR (2009). “I’m in transition too”: Sexual identity renegotiation in sexualminority women’s relationships with transsexual men. International Journal of Sexual Health, 21, 62-78. https://doi.org/10.1080/19317610902720766

Brown NR, Miller L (2008). Families in TRANSition guide. Second edition (2016): https://ctys.org/wp-content/uploads/Families-in-TRANSition.pdf

Brown NR (2005). Queer Women Partners of Female-to-Male Transsexuals: Renegotiating Self in Relationship. [unpublished doctoral dissertation], York University, UK. https://bac-lac.on.worldcat.org/oclc/191239034

Brown NR (2001). Women’s passionate friendships. Typescript Masters Thesis, York University.

Resources

Dr. Nicola Brown (nicolabrown.ca)

Rainbow Health Ontario (rainbowhealthontario.ca)

CAMH (camh.ca)

Central Toronto Youth Service (ctys.org)

  • Y-GAP health (PDF)

Patrick Grzanka is an American academic and applied social issues researcher. Grzanka’s work often focuses on sex and gender minorities.

Background

Patrick Ryan Grzanka was born in November 1983. Grzanka attended University of Maryland, earning a bachelor’s degree in journalism in 2004 and working as a lecturer there while earning a doctorate in American studies in 2010. From 2010 to 2014 Grzanka taught at the Honors College at Arizona State University. In 2014 Grzanka took an appointment at University of Tennessee at Knoxville.

Grzanka is founder and director of Social Action Research Team (SART), a group conducting applied social research with a commitment to social justice-informed scholarship and praxis.

Grzanka became known to many from a confrontational interview conducted by anti-trans extremist Matt Walsh in the transphobic film What Is a Woman? The appearance led to significant backlash.

References

Grzanka PR, DeVore EN, Gonzalez KA, Pulice-Farrow L, Tierney D (2018). The biopolitics of passing and the possibility of radically inclusive transgender health care. The American Journal of Bioethics, 18(12), 17-19. https://doi.org/10.1080/15265161.2018.1531167

Fishman JR, Mamo L, Grzanka PR (2017). Sex, gender, & sexuality in biomedicine. In U Felt, R Fouché, C Miller, & L Smith-Doerr (Eds.), The handbook of science and technology studies (4th ed., pp. 379-405). MIT Press. ISBN 9780262035682

Grzanka PR (2017). Undoing the psychology of gender: Intersectional feminism and social science pedagogy. In KA Case (Ed.), Intersectional pedagogy: A model for complicating identity and social justice (pp. 61-79). Routledge. ISBN 9781138942974

DeVore EN. Frantell KA, Grzanka PR, Miles JR, Spengler ES (2019, August). Conscience clauses and sexual and gender minority mental health care: A case study. Poster presented at the American Psychological Association Convention, Chicago, IL https://doi.org/10.1037/cou0000396

Resources

Social Action Research Team (socialactionrt.org)

Twitter (twitter.com)

University of Tennessee Knoxville Psychology (psychology.utk.edu)

LinkedIn (linkedin.com)

Zhana Vrangalova is an anti-trans psychologist and “autogynephilia” activist.

Background

Snezana Zhana Vrangalova was born in November 1981 in Skopje, Macedonia. Vrangalova earned a bachelor’s degree from Ss. Cyril and Methodius University of Skopje. She earned a doctorate from Cornell University in 2014. She worked with Ritch Savin-Williams, Anthony Ong, and David Pizarro.

She was appointed as an Adjunct Professor of Psychology at New York University in 2014. She authored the 2016 book The Casual Sex Project and often writes about hookup culture.

“Autogynephilia” activism

On April 13, 2015, Vrangalova made a comment about about the video game Gender Bender DNA Twister Extreme, summoning “autogynephilia” creator Ray Blanchard.

When video games & psych research clash w/ views of ‘politically correct’ http://ow.ly/LxZK4#GenderBender#autogynephilia @BlanchardPhD

On June 13, 2015 Vrangalova made a comment about Caitlyn Jenner that revealed her anti-trans views:

In all the #CaitlynJenner media madness, 1 thing went unsaid: That there are 2 types of trans women. #autogynephilia http://ow.ly/OcLji

The link went to religion site Patheos and an article by conversion therapist Warren Throckmorton discussing “autogynephilia” with unethical sexologist J. Michael Bailey.

When people pointed out the problem with her beliefs, she said:

I’m aware of the controversy, but there’s a lot of research to support #autogynephilia, pc or not pc.

When people pointed out that once-skeptical Bailey magically discovered bisexuality exists after getting paid by the American Institute of Bisexuality.

they didn’t “recant”, the conducted a study using more rigorous definition of “bisexual”.

It’s good science accepted by scientists.Those rejecting it r nonscientist activists who wrongly think it’s transphobic

Podcast

Vrangalova co-hosted the The Science of Sex podcast with Joe Pardavila from 2017 to 2019. Guests included a number of anti-trans sexologists associated with J. Michael Bailey, including James Cantor and Gerulf Rieger.

  • 1 Brian Dodge
  • 2 Michal Kosinski
  • 3 Lisa Dawn Hamilton
  • 4 James Pfaus
  • 5 Brooke Wells
  • 6 Ryan Scoats
  • 7 Lara Greaves
  • 8 Nan Wise
  • 9 Samuel L. Perry
  • 10 Kirstin Mitchell
  • 11 Sofia Jawed-Wessel
  • 12 Neil Malamuth
  • 13 Naomi Muggleton
  • Special from Society for the Scientific Study of Sexuality (2 parts)
    • Dayna Henry
    • Megan Maas
    • Ron Rogge
    • Margaret Bennett
    • Lauryn Vander Molen
  • 14 Justin Garcia
  • 15 Kayla Knopp
  • 16 David Frederick
  • 17 Justin Lehmiller
  • 18 [no guest]
  • 19 Kathryn Klement 
  • 20 Qazi Rahman
  • 21 Benjamin Breyer
  • 22 Cynthia Graham
  • 23 Ritch Savin-Williams
  • 24 Richard Wassersug
  • 25 J. Michael Bailey
  • 26 James Cantor 
  • 27 Jim Pfaus
  • 28 [no guest]
  • 29 Christian Joyal
  • 30 Dylan Selterman
  • 31 Lori Brotto
  • 32 Emily Rothman
  • 33 Dulcinea Pitagora
  • 34 Kirstin Mark
  • 35 Christian Grov
  • 36 Patrick Jern
  • 37 Amy C. Moors
  • 38 Amy Muise
  • 39 Jimmy Moran
  • 40 Tierney Lorenz
  • 41 [no guest]
  • 42 Justin Lehmiller
  • 43 Kaci Mial
  • 44 Kirstin Mitchell
  • 45 Wednesday Martin
  • 46 Gerulf Rieger
  • 47 Gregory D. Webster
  • 48 Menelaos Apostolou
  • 49 Eric W. Schrimshaw
  • 50 Seth Pardo
  • 52 Liam Wignall
  • 52 Pascal Wallisch
  • 53 Jessica Wood 
  • 54 Michelle Drouin
  • 55 Gideon Nave
  • 56 Kenneth Play 
  • 57 Kate Esterline
  • 58 Christina Parreira 
  • 59 Shayna Sparling

References

Molay, Jack (Oct 8, 2015). What Dr. Zhana Vrangalova Taught Me About Transphobia in Science. Crossdreamers https://jackmolay.medium.com/what-dr-zhana-vrangalova-taught-me-about-transphobia-in-science-c40dd244b68d

Throckmorton, Warren (June 11, 2015). What Kind of Woman is Caitlyn Jenner? Part One of a Q&A on Autogynephilia with Michael Bailey. Patheos https://www.patheos.com/blogs/warrenthrockmorton/2015/06/11/what-kind-of-woman-is-caitlyn-jenner-part-one-of-a-qa-on-autogynephilia-with-michael-bailey/ [archive]

Vrangalova Z (Apr 13, 2015). https://twitter.com/DrZhana/status/587695608976248832 https://archive.ph/KWNkh

Vrangalova Z (Jun 13, 2015). https://twitter.com/DrZhana/status/609737211211325440 https://archive.is/wip/KtOZc

Resources

Dr. Zhana (drzhana.com)

The Casual Sex Project (casualsexproject.com)

Cornell College of Human Ecology (human.cornell.edu)

Freewebs (freewebs.com)

LinkedIn (linkedin.com)

X/Twitter (x.com)

Instagram (instagram.com)

Facebook (facebook.com)

YouTube (youtube.com)

Sara Stockton is an American therapist whose views on controlling trans healthcare have gotten more conservative and extreme.

Do not go to Stockton for any kind of therapy, trans or otherwise. If you are a trans or gender diverse minor forced to see Stockton, do everything in your power to end the sessions and find supportive local resources instead.

Stockton is known for appearances in conservative media. Stockton expresses concerns about trans healthcare to anti-trans extremists like Jordan Peterson, Sasha Ayad, and Stella O’Malley.

Stockton is involved in anti-transgender group Genspect and has appeared on their podcast Gender: A Wider Lens.

Background

Sara E. Burke was born in June 1986 and was married to Daniel J. Farmer (born 1984), having a child together in 2012.

Stockton is currently married to Quincy J. Stockton (born 1979).

Stockton earned a bachelor’s degree from Syracuse University and a master’s degree from Medaille College in 2018.

In 2012, Stockton co-authored a mental health assessment for gatekeeping trans healthcare. Stockton initially treated, advocated for, and taught about youth and families regarding gender identity and expression. Stockton worked with over one hundred families, often clearing youth for medical transition. Stockton later shifted focus, citing concerns about outcomes.

Since then Stockton has become a favored source for other anti-transgender activists.

References

Farmer S (2016). Considerations in Mentoring From a Transgender Ally, All About Mentoring, SUNY Empire State College Publication, Winter 2016.

Coolhart D, Baker A, Farmer S, Malaney M, Shipman D. (2012). Therapy with transsexual youth and their families: A clinical tool for assessing youth’s readiness for gender transition. Journal of Marital and Family Therapy, 39, 223–243. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1752-0606.2011.00283.x

Media

Peterson, Jordan B. (March 23, 2023). Regrets of a Trans-Care Specialist. Daily Wire https://www.dailywire.com/episode/k-k-k-k-k https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pCH-bUFR3WM

Resources

Aisling Marriage and Family Therapy, PLLC (aislingtherapy.com)

Empire State University (esc.edu)

IMDb (imdb.com)

Jordan B. Peterson is a Canadian psychologist and anti-transgender activist. Peterson is one of the foremost figures in the global anti-transgender movement.

Background

Jordan Bernt Peterson was born June 12, 1962 in Alberta. Peterson earned two bachelor’s degrees from University of Alberta and a doctorate from McGill University, then took a teaching position at University of Toronto. Peterson’s 1999 book Maps of Meaning: The Architecture of Belief, formed the basis of subsequent teaching.

Anti-transgender activism

Peterson is a central alt-right figure and part of the so-called intellectual dark web, a group of academics and media figures described as a gateway to the far right.

Peterson is also the key figure in the Jungian psychology faction of anti-transgender activism. It’s not clear why followers of Carl Jung are especially susceptible to anti-trans beliefs.

In 2016, Peterson criticized Canada’s Bill C-16, which introduced gender identity and expression as prohibited grounds for discrimination. Much of Peterson’s argument focused on pronouns and misgendering. Peterson believed the law constituted “compelled speech.”

Peterson’s 2019 book 12 Rules for Life: An Antidote to Chaos became an international hit due to claims that there is a “crisis of masculinity” in the West.

Peterson is married and has two children. In 2019 Peterson underwent treatment in Russia for a benzodiazepine habit.

References

Staff report (June 30, 2022). Daily Wire Tightens Alliances With ‘The Jordan B. Peterson Podcast’ And Dennis Prager. Inside Radio https://www.insideradio.com/free/daily-wire-tightens-alliances-with-the-jordan-b-peterson-podcast-and-dennis-prager/article_4da336f0-f8ba-11ec-ab59-137e6e6efdb2.html

Resources

Jordan B. Peterson (jordanbpeterson.com)

IMDb (imdb.com)

X/Twitter (x.com)

Geoffrey Miller is an American evolutionary psychologist who holds a number of fringe views that are sex segregationist and anti-transgender.

Anti-transgender activism is a family business; Miller’s spouse Diana Fleischman is also an anti-trans activist.

Background

Geoffrey Franklin Miller was born on April 23, 1965 in Cincinnati, Ohio. After earning a bachelor’s degree in biology and psychology from Columbia University in 1987, Miller earned a doctorate in cognitive psychology from Stanford University in 1994. Miller took a position at University of New Mexico in 2001 and has written a number of books:

  • The Mating Mind (2001)
  • Mating Intelligence (2008)
  • Spent (2009)
  • Mate (2015)

Miller and Diana Fleischman married in 2019 and have one child.

Anti-trans activism

Miller is a proponent of “autogynephilia.”

Miller hosts the Mating Grounds podcast.

Resources

Geoffrey Miller (primalpoly.com)

YouTube (youtube.com)

Patreon (patreon.com)

Gumroad (gumroad.com)

X/Twitter (x.com)

Facebook (facebook.com)

LinkedIn (linkedin.com)

Instagram (instagram.com)

Wikipedia (en.wikipedia.org)

Meredith Chivers is a Canadian psychologist who researches women’s sexuality. Chivers has also published harmful work about transgender people. This page of notes and references supplements the overview of Chivers’ work and harm it’s caused.

Coauthors

Coauthors on academic papers include:

Catherine C Classen, Meredith L Chivers, Sara Urowitz, Lisa Barbera, David Wiljer, Susan O’Rinn, Sarah E Ferguson, Saskia Poels, Jos Bloemers, Kim van Rooij, Irwin Goldstein, Jeroen Gerritsen, Diana van Ham, Frederiek van Mameren, Meredith Chivers, Walter Everaerd, Hans Koppeschaar, Berend Olivier, Adriaan Tuiten, Richard Pittini, Sophie Grigoriadis, Laura Villegas, Lori E Ross

SageLab members

  • Meredith L. Chivers
  • Anna Chouchkova
  • Kaylee Clark
  • Samantha Dawson
  • Deryn Duesbery
  • Katherine Fretz
  • Shawna Girard
  • Lucas Hildebrand
  • Jackie S. Huberman
  • Graham Hutchings
  • Matthew Kan
  • Emily McBride
  • Michelle McCowan
  • Meghan McInnis
  • Nicole Persall
  • Kelly Suschinsky
  • Amanda Timmers
  • Samuel Yoon

References

Chivers, ML (August 30, 1999). Question about porn preferences. http://groups.google.com/groups?hl=en&lr=&ie=UTF-8&edition=&selm=1.-yri-24*1%40panix.com

This week, the Kinsey Institute will play host to the 29th annual conference for the International Academy of Sex Research. […] Meredith Chivers, who studies female sexuality at Northwestern University and traveled to the conference from Toronto, said she is particularly interested in the exploration of this topic.

“What I’m most looking forward to is having an opportunity to see where research in female sexuality is in lots of disciplines,” Chivers said. “I’m interested in seeing the contributions being made in the field of female sexuality and enriching my own ideas.”

Chivers said conferences like this are important because it is a chance to come face to face with other people in the field and see who is behind the research they have been reading.

“Sitting down and shooting ideas to each other is the real exciting part of conferences,” Chivers said.

Real (2003)

Everyone else took this as an opportunity to bash me, my advisor, and the research I do. It’s really a shame. Neither I, nor Mike Bailey, has any agenda. If folks took the time to read this research without negative preconceptions, they might see this. We know so little about female sexual arousal and I hope that this project might illuminate some of the misconceptions out there. Given the hostile reception, I think I’ll stop posting on this list.

Tremmel, Pat Vaughan (June 12, 2003). Study on Differences in Female, Male Sexuality. Northwestern Press Office https://news.feinberg.northwestern.edu/2003/06/sexuality/

Leopoldt, Jennifer and Jinna Yun (July 10, 2003). Sexuality research funding draws critics. Daily Northwestern http://www.dailynorthwestern.com/vnews/display.v/ART/2003/07/10/3f0cfb88ad9b7 [archive]

A Northwestern Ph.D. candidate will present results of sexual arousal research she conducted with NU Prof. J. Michael Bailey — which has drawn criticism from the Republican wing of Congress — when she speaks at a federally-funded sexuality conference next week. […] But Meredith Chivers, a Ph.D. candidate in clinical psychology at NU who will speak about sexual arousal research she conducted with Bailey, said the conference does merit funding.

“Sexuality is an intrinsic part of being human and it’s a major oversight not to encourage research in this area and to support it,” Chivers said.

Bailey, a psychology professor who teaches human sexuality at NU, also defended the need for researchers to study sexuality.

Like the conference, Bailey and Chivers’ sexual arousal study also encountered criticism for obtaining government funding. 

A $147,000 National Institutes of Health grant funded the research, which studied the effect of pornography on females to determine whether sexual arousal is as category specific for women as it is for men. […] Chivers said she was surprised at the controversy over funding for Bailey’s research and the sexuality conference. Bailey said he thought politicians singled out his and Chivers’ research because “it was easy for them to mischaracterize and make fun of.”

“They used our research to make their argument, but in fact I think our research is important and interesting, and scientists who know about the issues and what we’re doing have found it really cool,” he said.

Lawrence AA, Latty EM, Chivers ML, Bailey JM (April 2005). “Measurement of sexual arousal in postoperative male-to-female transsexuals using vaginal photoplethysmography” (PDF).

Real, Bonnie (July 17, 2003). IU’s Kinsey Institute at center of sex research in week’s conference: Annual seminar gives researchers chance to discuss face-to-face. IDS News http://www.idsnews.com/story.php?id=17388

Angier, Natalie (April 10, 2007). Birds do it. Bees do it. people seek the keys to it. The New York Times https://www.nytimes.com/2007/04/10/science/10desi.html

O’Connor, Anahad (March 16, 2004). In sex, brain studies show, ‘la différence’ still holds. The New York Times https://www.nytimes.com/2004/03/16/health/in-sex-brain-studies-show-la-difference-still-holds.html

Lemonick, Michael D. (January 19, 2004). Biology: The chemistry of desire. TIME 163(3):68-72, 75. https://content.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,993148,00.html

Benson, E. (April 2003). Study finds sex differences in relationship between arousal and orientation. APA Monitor, 34, p. 51. http://www.apa.org/monitor/apr03/differences.aspx

Clark-Flory, Tracy (June 2, 2013). The truth about female desire: It’s base, animalistic and ravenousSalon. 2013-06-02. Retrieved 2019-11-23. https://www.salon.com/2013/06/02/the_truth_about_female_desire_its_base_animalistic_and_ravenous/

Carey, Benedict (2005-07-05). “Straight, Gay or Lying? Bisexuality Revisited”The New York Times.  https://www.nytimes.com/2005/07/05/health/straight-gay-or-lying-bisexuality-revisited.html

Denizet-Lewis, Benoit (2014-03-20). The scientific quest to prove bisexuality existsThe New York Times. https://www.nytimes.com/2014/03/23/magazine/the-scientific-quest-to-prove-bisexuality-exists.html

Bielski, Zosia (June 21, 2015). ‘Arousal-first’ desire may be more typical for women, and it doesn’t need a cure”The Globe and Mail. https://www.theglobeandmail.com/life/health-and-fitness/health/arousal-first-desire-may-be-more-typical-for-women-and-it-doesnt-need-a-cure/article25039091/

Mick, Hayley (January 5, 2010). Female desire more complicated. The Globe and Mail https://www.theglobeandmail.com/life/health-and-fitness/health/conditions/study-female-desire-more-complicated/article572656/

Bergner, Daniel (2009, Jan. 25). What do women want? The New York Times Magazine, p. 28. https://www.nytimes.com/2009/01/25/magazine/25desire-t.html

McIlroy, Anne (February 27, 2009). Hot and bothered. The Globe and Mail https://www.theglobeandmail.com/life/hot-and-bothered/article714183/

Marcus Evans is a British psychoanalyst whose clientele has included trans and gender diverse people. Evans was a key critic of trans healthcare for gender diverse youth at the Tavistock. The clinic was later closed.

Evans and his wife Sue Evans co-authored the 2021 book Gender Dysphoria: A Therapeutic Model for Working with Children, Adolescents and Young Adults.

He is involved with anti-trans organization Society for Evidence-Based Gender Medicine (SEGM).

Background

Evans graduated from Bembridge in 1976. He served as head of nursing at the Tavistock & Portman NHS Trust from 1998-2018). Evans was Clinical Director of the adult & adolescent departments between 2011 & 2015. In 2018 he began working in private practice.

2021 book

The following people are mentioned in the acknowledgements:

We are grateful to the following people who have generously given their time and expertise to the development of this book: Annie Pesskin, Ian Williamson, Richard Stephens, Margot Waddell, Frances Grier, and Ema Syrulnik, as well as all our colleagues at the Society for Evidence-Based Gender Medicine. We are grateful to Kate Pearce at Phoenix for offering to publish this book.

Resources

Evans Psychotherapy (evanspsychotherapy.co.uk)

LinkedIn (linkedin.com)

Twitter (twitter.com)

Martin Kafka is an American psychiatrist who subscribes to a number of disease models of human sexuality, including ones that are sometimes applied to trans and gender diverse people:

  • “hypersexuality”
  • “sex addiction”
  • “paraphilia”

He served as a member of the Sexual and Gender Disorders Working Group (Paraphilias Sub-Committee) of the American Psychiatric Association for the formulation of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-V), 5th Edition.

Background

Martin Paul Kafka was born in May 1947. He graduated from Columbia College in 1968, then earned his medical degree in 1973 from SUNY Downstate Medical Center. He completed his psychiatric residency at the University of Michigan in 1977. In 1999 Kafka was elected a full member of the International Academy of Sex Research

References

Kafka MP, Henne J (). The Paraphilia-Related Disorders: An Empirical Investigation of Nonparaphilic Hypersexuality Disorders in Outpatient Males. J Sex Marital Ther. 1999 Oct-Dec;25(4):305-19. doi: 10.1080/00926239908404008

Resources

LinkedIn (linkedin.com)

New England Forensic Associates (nefacorp.com)

Wikipedia (wikipedia.org)

George Rekers is an American psychologist and a key figure in the 20th-century conversion therapy controversy around gender diverse youth.

References

Bullock, Penn; Thorp, Brandon K. (May 6, 2010)  Christian right leader George Rekers takes vacation with “rent boy/” Miami New Times https://www.miaminewtimes.com/news/christian-right-leader-george-rekers-takes-vacation-with-rent-boy-6377933

Resources

Professor George (professorgeorge.com)

Wikipedia ()

SourceWatch (sourcewatch.org)

IMDb (imdb.com)